L 37 -41 /g b d h...... /

Lesson 37

Transcribe the following words in phonetic symbols.

Exercise 145

In the letter cluster ( ng ), the letter ( g ) is in silence / - /.

 1.  bang           _____/ b æ ŋ /_________    2.  strong       _______________

 3.  sing             ______________    4.  string         _______________

 5.  ring             ______________    6.  hung         _______________

 7.  sting            ______________    8.  bung         _______________

 9.  wing            ______________  10.  sling          _______________

11. wring           ______________  12.  spring        ____/ spr I ŋ /___________

Exercise 146

The letters ( gue ) has / g / speech sound.  The letter ( b ) is in silence.

 1.  dialogue       ______________    2.  prologue    _______________

 3.  catalogue     ____/'k æ t ә l ɒ g/ ___    4.  *tongue     ____/ t ʌ ŋ /___________

 5.  rogue          ______________    6.  fugue        _______________

 7.  analogue      ______________    8.  fatigue      _______________

 9.  travelogue    ______________  10.  monologue _______________

11. debt            ______________  12.  doubt                _______________

13. comb           ______________  14.  climb         _______________

(Except No. 4 ‘tongue’ because ‘n’ is associated with ‘g’.

Exercise 147

The letter ( d ) or ( h ) is in silence.  The letter cluster ( ue ) may have      / u: / or / ju: / speech sound.

 1.  handsome    ____/ 'hæns ә m / __________    2.  true          _______________

 3.  sandwich     ______________    4.  pursue      _______________

 5.  vehicle         ______________    6.  sue           _______________

 7.  vehement    __/ 'v I I m ә nt /____________    8.  hue           _____/ hju: /_____

 9.  blue            ______________  10.  clue           _______________

11. glue             ______________  12.  cue           _______________

Exercise 148

The letter clusters ( fle, ful) may have / fl / speech sound.

 1.  raffle           ______________    2.  ruffle         _______________

 3.  baffle           ______________    4.  careful       ___/ 'k eәfl /____________

 5.  helpful         ______________    6.  meaningful _______________

 7.  beautiful      ______________    8.  cheerful     _______________

 9.  restful          ______________  10.  useful        _______________

11. hopeful                ______________  12.  painful       _______________

13. rifle              ______________  14.  merciful     ___/ 'm ɜ:s I fl /_________73.                                                                                       

Lesson 38

Transcribe the following words in phonetic symbols.

Exercise 149

The letter cluster ( less ) may have / lIs / speech sound.

 1.  restless                ______________    2.  useless      ________________

 3.  helpless       ______________    4.  harmless   ________________

 5.  careless       ____/ 'k eәl Is  /__________    6.  painless     ________________

 7.  aimless                ______________    8.  tasteless    ________________

 9.  hopeless      ______________  10.  cheerless   ____ / ' ʧ Iә l Is  /________

11. meaningless ______________  12.  mindless    ________________

13. fearless                ______________  14.  endless      ________________

Exercise 150

The letter clusters (tial, cial) may have /  ∫l / speech sound.

 1.  artificial        ______________    2.  beneficial   ________________

 3.  confidential  ___/ ' kɒnf Id әn ʃ l   /___________    4.  crucial       __________

 5.  facial           ______________    6.  influencial  ________________

 7.  initial           ______________    8.  judicial      ________________

 9.  partial          ___/ ' pɑ:ʃ l   /___________  10.  racial         ________________

11. financial       ______________  12.  residential  ________________

Exercise 151

The letter cluster ( ment ) may have / mənt / speech sound.

 1.  basement     ______________    2.  movement ________________

 3.  government ______________    4.  ailment      ________________

 5.  ferment       ___/ 'f ɜ: mənt /______    6.  judgement ____/ ' ʤ ʌ ʤ mənt /_______

 7.  settlement    ______________    8.  fulfilment   ________________

 9.  resentment  ______________  10.  contentment________________

11. compliment   ______________   12.  document  ________________

13. amusement  ______________  14.  complement________________

Exercise 152

The vowel letter ( a ) may have /  æ   /, / eI   /, /  α:  / or / ɒ / speech sound.

 1.  rat               _______________    2.  radish      ____/ 'r æ d I ʃ /_____________

 3.  radio           ___/ 'reIdI әʊ  /____________    4.  wash       ____/ w ɒ ʃ /________

 5.  ache            _______________    6.  past        _________________

 7.  acne            _______________    8.  rag          _________________

 9.  are              _______________  10.  after        ____/ ' ɑ:ft ә (r)  /_____________

11. ask              _______________  12.  agony      _________________

13. bask            _______________  14.  task         _____________74.

Lesson 39

Transcribe the following words in phonetic symbols.

Exercise 153

The vowel letter ( e ) may have / e /, / i: / or /  I   / speech sound.

 1.  she             ____/ ʃi: /___________    2.  beckon    ________________

 3.  he               _______________    4.  become   ________________

 5.  we              _______________    6.  begin       ________________

 7.  decide         _______________    8.  red          ________________

 9.  beside         _______________  10.  trek         ____/ trek /________

11. bet              _______________  12.  between   ____/ b I 'twi:n /____________

13. met             _______________  14.  hectic       ________________

Exercise 154

The vowel letter ( i ) may have /  I  / or / aI / speech sound.

 1.  in                _______________    2.  link          ________________

 3.  sign             _______________    4.  mint        ____/m I nt/____________

 5.  line              _______________    6.  wine        ________________

 7.  fine             _______________    8.  win          ________________

 9.  fin               _______________  10.  pink         ________________

11. mine            ___/m aI n/____________  12.  nine         ________________

13. sight            _______________  14.  mite         ________________

Exercise 155

The vowel letter ( o ) may have /  ƏU   /, /  ɒ   / or / u: / speech sound.

 1.  motion         ____/'mәʊ∫ n/___________    2.  move       ____/ mu:v / _____

 3.  bonnet         _______________    4.  shot        _____/ ʃɒt /___________

 5.  bolt             _______________    6.  lot           ________________

 7.  movie          _______________    8.  bold        ________________

 9.  O                        _______________  10.  rot           ________________

11. horror          _______________  12.  lotion       ________________

13. hole             _______________  14.  hold         ________________

Exercise 156

The vowel letter cluster ( oo ) may have / u: / or /  U   / speech sound.

 1.  root             ____/ ru:t /___________    2.  rook     ____/ r ʊ k /_______

 3.  sook            _______________    4.  hoot        ________________

 5.  hook            _______________    6.  food        ________________

 7.  foot             _______________    8.  cook        ________________

 9.  wool            _______________  10.  cool         ________________

11. tool              _______________  12.  took         ________________

13. shook          _______________  14.  choose     _____________75.

                                                                                               

Lesson 40

Transcribe the following words in phonetic symbols.

Exercise 157

The vowel letters ( ou ) may have / u: /, / U /, / ɒ /, /  ʌ   /, / ƏU /, / aU /,       / ɔ: / speech sound.

 1.  soup            ______________    2.  could         _______________

 3.  cough          ____/k ɒ f/__________    4.  enough     ___/ I'n ʌ f/ ____________

 5.  boulder                ______________    6.  proud        _______________

 7.  bough         ______________    8.  group        _______________

 9.  bought        ______________  10.  dough       _______________

11. ought           ___/ Ɔ:t/  ___________  12.  rough        _______________

Exercise 158

The vowel letter ( u ) may have / ʌ /, /u:/, / U /, / ju: / or / jU / speech sound.

 1.  nut              ______________    2.  huge         _______________

 3.  brunt           ______________    4.  diminutive  _______________

 5.  brunch        ______________    6.  bullet        _______________

 7.  cucumber    ______________    8.  bullock      ___/ 'b ʊ l ә k /____________

 9.  duration       ___/ djʊ'r eI∫n /___________   10.  bully         _______________

11. brutal           ______________   12.  cube         _______________

Exercise 159

The vowel letters ( a, e, i, o, u) may have / Ə / speech sound in unstressed syllables.

 1.  definite       ______________    2.  beckon      _______________

 3.  alive            ______________    4.  celery        _______________

 5.  cavity          ______________    6.  census      _______________

 7.  century        ___/ 'senʧ әr I /___________    8.  cinema      _______________

 9.  civilise         ______________  10.  abet          _______________

11. common       ______________  12.  commit      __/ k ә 'm I t / _____________

Exercise 160

The letter cluster ( ear ) may have / IƏ  / or / eƏ    / speech sound.

 1.  ear              ______________    2.  hear          _______________

 3.  bear            ______________    4.  spear                _______________

 5.  pear            ______________    6.  near          _______________

 7.  wear            ______________    8.  smear       _______________

 9.  tear*  (eye)  ____ / t Iә(r) /__________  10.  fear           _______________

11. tear*  (paper)____/ teә(r) /__________  12.  swear       _______________

(But the word ‘heart’ is an exceptional case.  It has /  α: / speech sound.  It also has the same speech sound as the word ‘are’.)    76.

Lesson 41

Transcribe the following words in phonetic symbols.

Exercise 161

The letter cluster ( ew ) may have / ju: /, / ɔ: / or / u: / speech sound.

 1.  few             ______________    2.  brew         ________________

 3.  new             ______________    4.  chew         ________________

 5.  sew             ______________    6.  grew         ________________

 7.  curfew         ______________    8.  pewter      ________________

 9.  view            ______________  10.  crew          ________________

11. blew            ______________  12.  stew          ________________

13. newt            ______________  14.  dew           ________________

Exercise 162

The letter cluster ( ow ) may have /  ƏU  / or / aU / speech sound.

 1.  blow            ______________    2.  frown        _______________

 3.  brown          ______________    4.  gown        _______________

 5.  row             ______________    6.  grown       _______________

 7.  town            ______________    8.  glow          _______________

 9.  down           ______________  10.  how           _______________

11. flow             ______________  12.  now           _______________

13. snow           ______________  14.  power        _______________

Exercise 163

The letter cluster ( ar ) may have / : / or / ɔ: / speech sound.

 1.  chart           ______________    2.  dark          _______________

 3.  war             ______________    4.  carp          _______________

 5.  ward           ______________    6.  garden      _______________

 7.  warn           ______________    8.  sharp                _______________

 9.  warm           ______________  10.  warp         _______________

11. hard            ______________  12.  bard          _______________

13. char             ______________  14.  part           _______________

Exercise 164

The letter cluster ( are ) may have / eƏ /

 1.  bare            ______________    2.  mare         _______________

 3.  care            ______________    4.  glare         _______________

 5.  spare           ______________    6.  hare          _______________

 7.  dare            ______________    8.  compare    _______________

 9.  fare             ______________  10.  ware          _______________

11. share           ______________  12.  stare         _______________

(But the word ‘are’ has the same speech sound as the letter ( R ). )  77.